Scientific Slides

Overview

Scientific presentations are a critical medium for communicating research, sharing findings, and engaging with academic and professional audiences. This skill provides comprehensive guidance for creating effective scientific presentations, from structure and content development to visual design and delivery preparation.

Key Focus: Oral presentations for conferences, seminars, defenses, and professional talks.

CRITICAL DESIGN PHILOSOPHY: Scientific presentations should be VISUALLY ENGAGING and RESEARCH-BACKED. Avoid dry, text-heavy slides at all costs. Great scientific presentations combine:

• Compelling visuals: High-quality figures, images, diagrams (not just bullet points)
• Research context: Proper citations from research-lookup establishing credibility
• Minimal text: Bullet points as prompts, YOU provide the explanation verbally
• Professional design: Modern color schemes, strong visual hierarchy, generous white space
• Story-driven: Clear narrative arc, not just data dumps

Remember: Boring presentations = forgotten science. Make your slides visually memorable while maintaining scientific rigor through proper citations.

When to Use This Skill

This skill should be used when:

• Preparing conference presentations (5-20 minutes)
• Developing academic seminars (45-60 minutes)
• Creating thesis or dissertation defense presentations
• Designing grant pitch presentations
• Preparing journal club presentations
• Giving research talks at institutions or companies
• Teaching or tutorial presentations on scientific topics

Slide Generation with Nano Banana 2

The bundled image helper uses google/gemini-3.1-flash-image (Nano Banana 2), with google/gemini-3.7-flash for visual review. API contracts, setup, and limitations are in references/script_reference.md. Generated images are drafts: verify every claim, label, citation, and scientific relationship.

There are two workflows depending on output format:

Image Workflow: PDF Slides

Generate conceptual or overview slides as complete images, then combine them into a PDF. Use editable PowerPoint or Beamer for quantitative results, exact equations, accessible text, or a user-supplied template.

How it works:

1. Plan the deck: Create a detailed plan for each slide (title, key points, visual elements)
2. Generate slides: Call Nano Banana 2 for each slide to create complete slide images
3. Combine to PDF: Assemble slide images into a single PDF presentation

Step 1: Plan Each Slide

Before generating, create a detailed plan for your presentation:

# Presentation Plan: Introduction to Machine Learning

## Slide 1: Title Slide
- Title: "Machine Learning: From Theory to Practice"
- Subtitle: "AI Conference 2025"
- Speaker: Dr. Jane Smith, University of XYZ
- Visual: Modern abstract neural network background

## Slide 2: Introduction
- Title: "Why Machine Learning Matters"
- Key points: Industry adoption, breakthrough applications, future potential
- Visual: Icons showing different ML applications (healthcare, finance, robotics)

## Slide 3: Core Concepts
- Title: "The Three Types of Learning"
- Content: Supervised, Unsupervised, Reinforcement
- Visual: Three-part diagram showing each type with examples

... (continue for all slides)

Step 2: Generate Each Slide

Use the generate_slide_image.py script to create each slide.

CRITICAL: Formatting Consistency Protocol

To ensure unified formatting across all slides in a presentation:

1. Define a Formatting Goal at the start of your presentation and include it in EVERY prompt:
2. Color scheme (e.g., "dark blue background, white text, gold accents")
3. Typography style (e.g., "bold sans-serif titles, clean body text")
4. Visual style (e.g., "minimal, professional, corporate aesthetic")
5. Layout approach (e.g., "generous white space, left-aligned content")

1. Always attach the previous slide when generating subsequent slides using --attach:
2. This allows Nano Banana 2 to see and match the existing style
3. Creates visual continuity throughout the deck
4. Ensures consistent colors, fonts, and design language

1. Use the supplied presenter name and affiliation; omit them if unknown.

1. Include citations directly in the prompt for slides that reference research:
2. Add citations in the prompt text so they appear on the generated slide
3. Use format: "Include citation: (Author et al., Year)" or "Show reference: Author et al., Year"
4. For multiple citations, list them all in the prompt
5. Citations should appear in small text at the bottom of the slide or near relevant content

1. Preserve scientific figures as original assets:
2. Locate the user's figures and underlying data before composing results slides.
3. Embed the original chart unchanged in PowerPoint/Beamer, or regenerate it deterministically from the source data.
4. --attach guides the image model; it can redraw points, axes, labels, and logos. It does not paste the original pixels or guarantee quantitative fidelity.
5. Use attachments for style or conceptual layout drafts. For final results, add the original figure and verified text with a deterministic layout tool.

Example with formatting consistency, citations, and figure attachments:

# Title slide (first slide - establishes the style)
python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "Title slide for presentation: 'Machine Learning: From Theory to Practice'. Subtitle: '[Conference name and date]'. Speaker: '[Supplied presenter name]'. FORMATTING GOAL: Dark blue background (#1a237e), white text, gold accents (#ffc107), minimal design, sans-serif fonts, generous margins, no decorative elements." -o slides/01_title.png

# Content slide with citations (attach previous slide for consistency)
python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "Presentation slide titled 'Why Machine Learning Matters'. Three key points with simple icons: 1) Industry adoption, 2) Breakthrough applications, 3) Future potential. CITATIONS: Include at bottom in small text: (LeCun et al., 2015; Goodfellow et al., 2016). FORMATTING GOAL: Match attached slide style - dark blue background, white text, gold accents, minimal professional design, no visual clutter." -o slides/02_intro.png --attach slides/01_title.png

# Background slide with multiple citations
python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "Presentation slide titled 'Deep Learning Revolution'. Key milestones: ImageNet breakthrough (2012), transformer architecture (2017), GPT models (2018-present). CITATIONS: Show references at bottom: (Krizhevsky et al., 2012; Vaswani et al., 2017; Brown et al., 2020). FORMATTING GOAL: Match attached slide style exactly - same colors, fonts, minimal design." -o slides/03_background.png --attach slides/02_intro.png

# Results slides: insert figures/accuracy_chart.png as an original asset in
# PowerPoint or Beamer, then add verified findings and citations as text.
# The PowerPoint design guide below shows the explicit aspect-preserving geometry for this purpose.

# Conceptual methodology draft; provide the diagram file before running
python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "Presentation slide titled 'System Architecture'. Present the attached architecture diagram with brief explanatory bullet points: 1) Input processing, 2) Model inference, 3) Output generation. FORMATTING GOAL: Match attached slide style exactly." -o slides/04_architecture.png --attach slides/03_background.png --attach diagrams/system_architecture.png

Before creating results slides: find the original figure and source analysis, check labels, units, sample sizes and uncertainty, then embed the figure without generative redrawing. Numeric claims and placeholder references in these examples are illustrative, not evidence.

Prompt Template:

Include these elements in every prompt (customize as needed):

[Slide content description]
CITATIONS: Include at bottom: (Author1 et al., Year; Author2 et al., Year)
FORMATTING GOAL: [Background color], [text color], [accent color], minimal professional design, no decorative elements, consistent with attached slide style.

Accessibility handoff: Full-slide PNGs produce an image-only deck; their titles, equations, references, and data labels are not semantic text. Supply a transcript with slide numbers and descriptions of results figures. When the audience needs accessible slides, use the editable PowerPoint workflow with real title/text placeholders, reviewed alt text, and verified reading order; run PowerPoint's Accessibility Checker. Visual inspection alone cannot establish screen-reader usability. See Microsoft's reading-order guidance.

Step 3: Combine to PDF

# Combine all slides into a PDF presentation
python scripts/slides_to_pdf.py slides/*.png -o presentation.pdf

PPT Workflow: PowerPoint with Generated Visuals

When creating PowerPoint presentations, use Nano Banana 2 to generate images and figures for each slide, then add text separately with PptxGenJS.

How it works:

1. Plan the deck: Create content plan for each slide
2. Generate visuals: Use Nano Banana 2 with --visual-only flag to create images for slides
3. Build PPTX: Use PptxGenJS (or python-pptx for an existing template) to create slides with generated visuals and separate text

Step 1: Generate Visuals for Each Slide

# Generate a figure for the introduction slide
python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "Professional illustration showing machine learning applications: healthcare diagnosis, financial analysis, autonomous vehicles, and robotics. Modern flat design, colorful icons on white background." -o figures/ml_applications.png --visual-only

# Generate a diagram for the methods slide
python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "Neural network architecture diagram showing input layer, three hidden layers, and output layer. Clean, technical style with node connections. Blue and gray color scheme." -o figures/neural_network.png --visual-only

# Generate a conceptual graphic for results
python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "Before and after comparison showing improvement: left side shows cluttered data, right side shows organized insights. Arrow connecting them. Professional business style." -o figures/results_visual.png --visual-only

Step 2: Build PowerPoint with PptxGenJS

Use PptxGenJS to create slides that include:

• Generated images from step 1
• Title and body text added separately
• Professional layout and formatting

See assets/powerpoint_design_guide.md for the PptxGenJS and template workflows and the rendering check.

Visual Enhancement with Scientific Schematics

In addition to slide generation, use the scientific-schematics skill for technical diagrams:

When to use scientific-schematics instead:

• Complex technical diagrams (circuit diagrams, chemical structures)
• Publication-quality figures for papers (higher quality threshold)
• Diagrams requiring scientific accuracy review

How to generate schematics:

python scripts/generate_schematic.py "your diagram description" -o figures/output.png --doc-type presentation

For detailed guidance on creating schematics, refer to the scientific-schematics skill documentation.

Core Capabilities

Presentation structure and organization, slide design principles, data visualization for slides, talk-specific guidance, implementation options (Beamer / PowerPoint / generated PDF), visual review and iteration, timing and pacing, and validation are all documented in references/slide_capabilities.md.

The staged development process — planning, design and creation, content development, visual validation, practice and refinement, and final preparation — is in references/presentation_workflow.md.

Prompt-writing guidance for both full-slide and visual-only generation is in references/prompt_writing.md. Every bundled script's arguments and options are in references/script_reference.md. The mistakes that most often sink a talk are catalogued in references/common_pitfalls.md.

Integration with Other Skills

Research Lookup (Critical for Scientific Presentations):

• Background development: Search literature to build introduction context
• Citation gathering: Find key papers to cite in your talk
• Gap identification: Identify what's unknown to motivate research
• Prior work comparison: Find papers to compare your results against
• Supporting evidence: Locate literature supporting your interpretations
• Question preparation: Find papers that might inform Q&A responses
• Always use research-lookup when developing any scientific presentation to ensure proper context and citations

Scientific Writing:

• Convert paper content to presentation format
• Extract key findings and simplify
• Use same figures (but redesigned for slides)
• Maintain consistent terminology

MarkItDown:

• Extract the text of an existing template or prior deck before reusing it (markitdown template.pptx)

Data Visualization:

• Create presentation-appropriate figures
• Simplify complex visualizations
• Ensure readability from distance
• Use progressive disclosure

Reference Files

Comprehensive guides for specific aspects:

• **references/presentation_structure.md**: Detailed structure for all talk types, timing allocation, opening/closing strategies, transition techniques
• **references/slide_design_principles.md**: Typography, color theory, layout, accessibility, visual hierarchy, design workflow
• **references/data_visualization_slides.md**: Simplifying figures, chart types, progressive disclosure, common mistakes, recreation workflow
• **references/talk_types_guide.md**: Specific guidance for conferences, seminars, defenses, grants, journal clubs, with examples
• **references/beamer_guide.md**: Complete LaTeX Beamer documentation, themes, customization, advanced features, compilation
• **references/visual_review_workflow.md**: PDF to images conversion, systematic inspection, issue documentation, iterative improvement

• **references/slide_capabilities.md**: presentation structure, design principles, data visualization, talk types, implementation options, visual review, timing, validation
• **references/presentation_workflow.md**: the six development stages from planning to final preparation
• **references/prompt_writing.md**: full-slide and visual-only prompt patterns
• **references/script_reference.md**: arguments and options for every bundled script
• **references/common_pitfalls.md**: content, design, and timing mistakes to avoid

Assets

Templates

• **assets/beamer_template_conference.tex**: 15-minute conference talk template
• **assets/beamer_template_seminar.tex**: 45-minute academic seminar template
• **assets/beamer_template_defense.tex**: Dissertation defense template

Guides

• **assets/powerpoint_design_guide.md**: Complete PowerPoint design and implementation guide
• **assets/timing_guidelines.md**: Comprehensive timing, pacing, and practice strategies

Quick Start Guide

For a 15-Minute Conference Talk

1. Research & Plan (45 minutes):
2. Use research-lookup to find 8-12 relevant papers for citations
3. Build reference list (background, comparison studies)
4. Outline content (intro → methods → 2-3 key results → conclusion)
5. Create detailed plan for each slide (title, key points, visual elements)
6. Target 15-18 slides

1. Generate Conceptual Slides with Nano Banana 2 (1-2 hours):

Use verified citations and supplied presenter details. The commands below are illustrative; use the native PowerPoint or Beamer workflow to add original quantitative figures and exact results text.

```bash # Title slide (establishes style - substitute the supplied presenter) python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "Title slide: 'Your Research Title'. Conference name, supplied presenter name. FORMATTING GOAL: [your color scheme], minimal professional design, no decorative elements, clean and corporate." -o slides/01_title.png

# Introduction slide with citations (attach previous for consistency) python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "Slide titled 'Why This Matters'. Three key points with simple icons. CITATIONS: Include at bottom: (Smith et al., 2023; Jones et al., 2024). FORMATTING GOAL: Match attached slide style exactly." -o slides/02_intro.png --attach slides/01_title.png

# Continue for each slide (always attach previous, include citations where relevant) python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "Slide titled 'Methods'. Key methodology points. CITATIONS: (Based on Chen et al., 2022). FORMATTING GOAL: Match attached slide style exactly." -o slides/03_methods.png --attach slides/02_intro.png

# Combine to PDF python scripts/slides_to_pdf.py slides/*.png -o presentation.pdf ```

1. Review & Iterate (30 minutes):
2. Open the PDF and review each slide
3. Regenerate any slides that need improvement
4. Re-combine to PDF

1. Practice (2-3 hours):
2. Practice 3-5 times with timer
3. Aim for 13-14 minutes (leave buffer)
4. Record yourself, watch playback
5. Prepare for questions (use research-lookup to anticipate)

1. Finalize (30 minutes):
2. Generate backup/appendix slides if needed
3. Save multiple copies
4. Test on presentation computer

Total time: ~5-6 hours for quality AI-generated presentation

Alternative: PowerPoint Workflow

If you need editable slides (e.g., for company templates):

1. Plan slides as above
2. Generate visuals with --visual-only flag: ``bash python scripts/generate_slide_image.py "diagram description" -o figures/fig1.png --visual-only
3. Build PPTX with PptxGenJS using the generated images
4. Add text separately as native, editable text boxes

See assets/powerpoint_design_guide.md for the complete PowerPoint workflow.

Summary: Key Principles

1. Visual-First Design: Every slide needs strong visual element (figure, image, diagram) - avoid text-only slides
2. Research-Backed: Use research-lookup to find 8-15 papers, cite 3-5 in intro, 3-5 in discussion
3. Modern Aesthetics: Choose contemporary color palette matching topic, not default themes
4. Minimal Text: 3-4 bullets, 4-6 words each (24-28pt font), let visuals tell story
5. Structure: Follow story arc, spend 40-50% on results
6. High Contrast: 7:1 preferred for professional appearance
7. Varied Layouts: Mix full-figure, two-column, visual overlays (not all bullets)
8. Timing: Practice 3-5 times, ~1 slide per minute, never skip conclusions
9. Validation: Visual review workflow to catch overflow and overlap
10. White Space: 40-50% of slide empty for visual breathing room

Remember:

• Boring = Forgotten: Dry, text-heavy slides fail to communicate your science
• Visual + Research = Impact: Combine compelling visuals with research-backed context
• You are the presentation, slides are visual support: They should enhance, not replace your talk